Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 072303 (2004) [5 pages]
Azimuthal Dependence of Collective Expansion for Symmetric Heavy-Ion Collisions
G. Stoicea et al. FOPI Collaboration
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G. Stoicea1, M. Petrovici1,4, A. Andronic1,4, N. Herrmann6, J. P. Alard3, Z. Basrak11, V. Barret3, N. Bastid3, R. Čaplar11, P. Crochet3, P. Dupieux3, M. Dželalija11, Z. Fodor2, O. Hartmann4, K. D. Hildenbrand4, B. Hong9, J. Kecskemeti2, Y. J. Kim9, M. Kirejczyk12, M. Korolija11, R. Kotte5, T. Kress4, A. Lebedev7, Y. Leifels4, X. Lopez3, M. Merschmeier6, W. Neubert5, D. Pelte6, F. Rami10, W. Reisdorf4, D. Schüll4, Z. Seres2, B. Sikora12, K. S. Sim9, V. Simion1, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska12, V. Smolyankin7, M. Stockmeier6, K. Wiśniewski4, D. Wohlfarth5, I. Yushmanov8, and A. Zhilin7 (FOPI Collaboration) 1National Institute for Nuclear Physics and Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
2Central Research Institute for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
3Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, IN2P3/CNRS, and Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
4Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
5Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
6Physikalisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
7Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
8Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
9Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
10Institut de Recherches Subatomiques, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
11Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
12Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, Poland
P. Danielewicz13,14 13Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
14Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
Received 24 February 2003; published 20 February 2004
Detailed studies of the azimuthal dependence of the mean fragment and flow energies in the Au+Au and Xe+CsI systems are reported as a function of incident energy and centrality. Comparisons between data and model calculations show that the flow energy values along different azimuthal directions could be viewed as snapshots of the fireball expansion with different exposure times. For the same number of participating nucleons more transversally elongated participant shapes from the heavier system produce less collective transverse energy. Good agreement with Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck calculations is obtained for a soft nuclear equation of state.
©2004 The American Physical Society
URL: http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.072303
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.072303
PACS: 25.75.Ld, 25.70.Pq
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