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Physical Review Letters – 21 January 2002
Volume 88, Issue 3

Schematic of two glacial climate states: a stable "cold" mode (bottom) and an unstable "warm" mode (top). Surface ocean currents are shown in red and deep currents in light blue. In a global climate model, abrupt ice-age warming events are triggered by small changes in the salinity of the northern North Atlantic, causing a temporary transition from the cold to the warm mode. [Andrey Ganopolski and Stefan Rahmstorf, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 038501 (2002)]

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